Quantum mechanics describes properties scientists believe could be used to preform algorithms faster.
To understand how, we must first study the basic unit of information in a quantum computer
Quantum computers use qubits instead of bits to represent information. In classical computers bits are 0s and 1s mostly represented with voltages. While in quantum computers qubits are more complex using photons or electrons which encode more information that just 0 or 1.
We can use tools from the theory of quantum mechanics to manipulate qubits in ways we wouldn’t be able to with classical methods (logic gate operations on bits). We will explore how this properties can be exploited in order to see a performance boost.
Quantum systems behave differently than classical ones, we can use this fact to do computations faster.
But first, to understand qubits, we need to know
Quantum computers typically don’t use photons to represent qubits since they work worse than other methods of encoding qubits, however, conceptually the intuition we get from studying light will apply to any qubit (for example qubits can use spin up and spin down instead).
That being said,
When a charged particle accelerates is causes a force stronger that coulomb's law to go out radially.
Electric Field propagates through space from wiggling electron.